The town was first recorded before 1100 when a settlement was recorded on the banks of the river.
The name of it was "Pether's Gaden". In the year 1102 the monastery of the Augustinians was founded.
In 1212 the first salt mine in Schellenberg was built, in 1517 the salt mines at Petersberg (today's salt mines) and in 1555 the salt mines Frauenreuth.
Berchtesgaden has been a Bavarian market town since 1810.